Nagarkanda and Bhanga upazilas on the north, Gopalganj Sadar and Kashiani upazilas on the south, Bhanga and Rajoir upazilas on the east and Kashiani and Boalmari upazilas on the west.

Muksudpur thana, now an upazila, was established in 1914. It consists of 1 municipality, 17 union parishads, 206 mouzas, 260 villages.

Muksudpur Upazila is located in Gopalganj District. Upazilla(s)/Thana(s) in Gopalganj are Gopalganj Sadar Upazila, Kashiani Upazila, Kotalipara Upazila, Muksudpur Upazila, Tungipara Upazila.