Lohagara, Kashiani and Muksudpur upazilas on the north, Tungipara and Mollahat upazilas on the south, Kotalipara and Rajoir upazilas on the east, Kalia and Lohagara upazilas on the west.

Gopalganj thana was turned into an upazila in 1983. It consists of one municipality, 9 wards, 20 union parishads, 127 mouzas and 196 villages.

Gopalganj Sadar Upazila is located in Gopalganj District. Upazilla(s)/Thana(s) in Gopalganj are Gopalganj Sadar Upazila, Kashiani Upazila, Kotalipara Upazila, Muksudpur Upazila, Tungipara Upazila.